Knowra Article 370 of the Constitution of India Article 370 of the Constitution of India A constitutional provision that gave Jammu and Kashmir a distinct relationship with India, limiting Parliament’s authority there and enabling the state’s own constitution. Its operation was substantially changed in 2019.
Constitution of India : The supreme legal framework of India, establishing its institutions, powers, rights, and governing principles. Article 370 formed part of this framework and specified how other constitutional provisions applied in Jammu and Kashmir.
Instrument of Accession of Jammu and Kashmir : The 1947 legal instrument by which Maharaja Hari Singh acceded Jammu and Kashmir to India on specified subjects. Its limited terms supplied the immediate constitutional context for Article 370.
Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019 : An Indian law that divided the former state of Jammu and Kashmir into the union territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh. It accompanied the 2019 constitutional changes and replaced the state’s former administrative structure.
Article 371 of the Constitution of India : A constitutional provision granting particular protections and arrangements to several Indian states, with variants in Articles 371A through 371J. It offers a continuing example of state-specific constitutional arrangements distinct from Article 370.
Article 370 (original text) : The provision as enacted in 1949, setting conditions for applying the Indian Constitution to Jammu and Kashmir. Its clauses established the consultation, concurrence, and amendment procedures at the heart of the arrangement.
Maharaja Hari Singh : The last ruling maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir, who signed the state’s Instrument of Accession to India in 1947. His accession created the initial legal relationship Article 370 later regulated.
Jammu and Kashmir : A region in the northern Indian subcontinent, administered in part by India and claimed in whole or part by India and Pakistan. The provision’s consequences were concentrated in the former Indian state of this name.
Article 371A : A constitutional provision protecting specified Naga religious, social, customary, and land matters from parliamentary legislation without state assembly consent. Its enduring protections invite comparison with Article 370’s broader former arrangement.
Constitution (Application to Jammu and Kashmir) Order, 1954 : A presidential order that applied many provisions of the Indian Constitution to Jammu and Kashmir and introduced Article 35A. This order extended the Union’s constitutional framework while shaping the state’s special provisions.
Sheikh Abdullah : A Kashmiri political leader who headed the Jammu and Kashmir government and negotiated the state’s constitutional position in India. His negotiations with India’s leaders helped shape the special arrangement.
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