Ash'arism

Ash'arism is a Sunni school of Islamic theology founded by Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari. It uses rational argument while affirming the authority of revelation.

Kalam: Kalam is Islamic speculative theology, using argument to examine religious doctrines. Ash'arism developed within this tradition of reasoned theological debate.
Occasionalism: Occasionalism is the view that God directly causes events, while created things have no independent causal power. Ash'arite thought is associated with denying that created causes act independently of God.
Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari: Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari was a tenth-century Muslim theologian traditionally regarded as Ash'arism's founder. His writings established the school's characteristic defense of Sunni doctrine.
Al-Baqillani: Al-Baqillani was an influential Ash'arite theologian who systematized arguments for Sunni doctrine. His works strengthened and refined the school's early theological method.
Sunni Islam: Sunni Islam is the largest branch of Islam, encompassing diverse legal, theological, and devotional traditions. Ash'arism became one of Sunni Islam's principal theological schools.
Tawhid: Tawhid is the Islamic doctrine of God's absolute oneness and uniqueness. Ash'arite accounts of divine attributes aim to preserve God's unity.
Kasb: Kasb is the theological account that humans acquire actions created by God. It explains human responsibility while maintaining God's sole creative power.
Basra: Basra is a historic Iraqi city that became an early center of Islamic learning and debate. Al-Ash'ari studied theology in Basra, a center of Mu'tazilite scholarship.
Al-Juwayni: Al-Juwayni was an eleventh-century Ash'arite theologian and teacher of al-Ghazali. He advanced Ash'arite argumentation and taught its most famous later exponent.
Shafi'i school: The Shafi'i school is one of the four major Sunni schools of Islamic jurisprudence. Ash'arism was especially influential among scholars associated with Shafi'i jurisprudence.

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