Aster Revolution

The Aster Revolution was a bloodless Hungarian uprising in October 1918 that ended Habsburg rule and brought the Hungarian Democratic Republic to power.

Austria-Hungary: A dual monarchy in Central Europe that existed from 1867 until its dissolution in 1918. Its military defeat and political fragmentation made Habsburg rule in Hungary untenable.
Mihály Károlyi: A Hungarian politician who led the opposition and became prime minister after the October Revolution. He headed the National Council and led the new government.
Budapest: The capital and largest city of Hungary, situated on the Danube River. The decisive demonstrations and political transfer took place in the capital.
Hungarian–Romanian War: A conflict fought in 1918–1919 between Hungary and Romania amid the postwar collapse of Austria-Hungary. The new state faced territorial conflict as neighboring armies advanced.
World War I: A global war fought from 1914 to 1918, ending with the defeat of the Central Powers. Defeat accelerated the collapse that opened the way for Hungary’s October uprising.
Archduke Joseph August of Austria: A Habsburg archduke appointed imperial representative in Hungary in October 1918. His negotiations with Károlyi helped transfer power without armed resistance.
Aster: A flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, often bearing star-shaped flower heads. Demonstrators and soldiers wore asters, giving the uprising its name.
Treaty of Trianon: The 1920 peace treaty that set Hungary’s postwar borders and imposed territorial losses. The revolution preceded the settlement that defined Hungary’s reduced territory.
Hungarian independence movement: Political efforts to establish Hungary as a sovereign state independent of Habsburg authority. Its demand for separation became achievable as the monarchy disintegrated.
János Hock: A Hungarian Catholic priest and politician who chaired the Hungarian National Council. He played a leading role in the council that proclaimed the new political order.

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