Athens Metro

The urban rail network serving Athens, Greece, with lines connecting the city center, suburbs, and Athens International Airport.

Line 1 (Athens Metro): The Athens rail line running between Piraeus and Kifisia, historically known as the Athens–Piraeus Electric Railways. This line began as a separate railway and remains operationally distinct from the newer metro lines.
Athens Metro signaling: The train-control systems that regulate movement and safe separation on Athens Metro lines. Signaling coordinates trains on lines with different operating histories and infrastructure.
Athens–Piraeus Railway: The railway opened in 1869 between Athens and the port of Piraeus, later forming the basis of Metro Line 1. Its route is the oldest foundation of the present-day metro network.
Athens International Airport: The principal international airport serving Athens, located east of the city center. Line 3 provides a direct rail route between the airport and central Athens.
Athens Metro archaeological excavations: Archaeological investigations conducted during construction of Athens Metro tunnels and stations. Excavations uncovered extensive evidence of the city’s past beneath modern streets.
Athens Metro Line 2: The Athens rapid-transit line linking Anthoupoli in the north with Elliniko in the south. Its north–south route connects central Athens with western and southern suburbs.
Railway electrification: The use of electrical power to operate railway trains instead of onboard combustion engines. Electric traction powers the trains across the metro’s urban routes.
ISAP: The former company operating the Athens–Piraeus electric railway, absorbed into STASY in 2011. ISAP managed the legacy railway before metro operations were consolidated.
Athens Tram: The urban tram network serving Athens’s southern neighborhoods and coastal areas. Metro transfers connect inland rail travel with the southern coastal corridor.
Urban archaeology: The study of archaeological remains within inhabited cities, often during construction or redevelopment. The metro project made archaeology part of major urban infrastructure works.

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History of AthensRelated: Its development illustrates how modern infrastructure responds to the capital’s urban expansion.