Atlantic cod

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) is a large marine fish native to the North Atlantic. It has supported major fisheries for centuries and is known for forming large populations on continental shelves.

Gadidae: Gadidae is a family of marine fishes that includes cod, haddock, and pollock. Atlantic cod belongs to this family of commercially important fishes.
Cod spawning: Cod spawning is the release of eggs and sperm into the water for external fertilization. Spawning timing and location shape which cod populations reproduce together.
Cod fishery: A cod fishery is the harvest of cod for commercial, subsistence, or recreational use. Cod’s abundance and market value sustained fisheries across the North Atlantic.
Newfoundland cod fishery: The Newfoundland cod fishery was a centuries-long fishery centered on cod-rich waters off Newfoundland and Labrador. Its collapse became a defining example of ecological and economic consequences of overfishing.
Pacific cod: Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) is a cod species native to the North Pacific. It is a close commercial counterpart, but occupies a different ocean basin.
Demersal fish: Demersal fish live and feed on or near the seabed. Cod spend much of their lives near the seafloor, especially when feeding.
Atlantic cod migration: Atlantic cod migration is the seasonal or life-stage movement of cod between feeding, spawning, and nursery areas. Movement links local aggregations to broader stock dynamics and fishing grounds.
Groundfish trawling: Groundfish trawling uses a net towed along or near the seabed to catch bottom-dwelling fish. Trawling has been a major method for harvesting cod and other groundfish.
Collapse of the Atlantic Northwest cod fishery: The collapse was a severe decline in Northwest Atlantic cod stocks that prompted a major Canadian fishing moratorium in 1992. It demonstrated that heavy fishing and environmental variation can drive stocks to extremely low levels.
Haddock: Haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) is a North Atlantic groundfish in the cod family. It shares habitat and fisheries with Atlantic cod but is a distinct species.

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