Atlantic herring

Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) is a schooling fish native to the North Atlantic. It is a major prey species and one of the world’s most heavily harvested food fishes.

Clupea harengus: Clupea harengus is the scientific species name for Atlantic herring. This binomial identifies the species whose biology and populations define the topic.
Herring fishery: A herring fishery is the commercial or subsistence harvest of herring. This fishery turns Atlantic herring’s dense schools into a major food resource.
Marine food web: A marine food web is the network of feeding relationships among organisms in the ocean. Herring transfer energy from plankton to larger fish, seabirds, and marine mammals.
Pacific herring: Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) is a schooling fish native to the North Pacific. It is a close ecological and commercial counterpart, but a distinct species in another ocean.
Fish migration: Fish migration is the regular movement of fish between habitats, often for feeding or reproduction. Herring move seasonally among spawning, feeding, and overwintering areas.
Purse seine: A purse seine is a fishing net that encircles a school and closes underneath like a drawstring. Purse seines are widely used to catch schooling herring.
Atlantic cod: Atlantic cod is a large predatory fish native to the North Atlantic. Cod prey on herring, and their populations can respond to changes in herring availability.
European sprat: European sprat (Sprattus sprattus) is a small schooling fish found in European waters. Sprat resembles herring in fisheries and appearance but is smaller and belongs to another genus.
Fish schooling: Fish schooling is coordinated group swimming in which individuals maintain alignment and spacing. Herring form dense schools that help them respond to predators and locate food.
Fish stock assessment: Fish stock assessment estimates a population’s size, productivity, and sustainable harvest levels. Assessments guide catch limits for Atlantic herring populations.

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