Atlantic hurricane season

The annual period, officially June 1 through November 30, when tropical cyclones are most likely to form in the North Atlantic basin.

Sea surface temperature: The temperature of the ocean's uppermost layer, which exchanges heat and moisture with the atmosphere. Warm surface waters provide energy and moisture for Atlantic tropical cyclones.
Atlantic hurricane season climatology: The historical distribution of Atlantic tropical cyclone activity across the calendar year. It shows why activity is concentrated within the official seasonal window.
Atlantic hurricane season outlook: A seasonal forecast estimating the likely number or activity level of Atlantic tropical cyclones. Outlooks summarize expected basin-wide activity before the season and during its course.
Hurricane landfall: The passage of a tropical cyclone's center across a coastline. Landfall concentrates seasonal hazards and impacts on particular communities.
Vertical wind shear: The change in wind speed or direction with height in the atmosphere. Strong shear can tilt and disrupt developing storms, helping explain the season's timing.
National Hurricane Center: The United States agency responsible for tracking and forecasting tropical cyclones in the Atlantic and eastern Pacific. It defines and communicates the dates used for the official Atlantic season.
Tropical cyclone naming: The practice of assigning names to tropical cyclones using regionally maintained lists. Naming makes storms easier to identify in forecasts and public warnings during the season.
Storm surge: An abnormal rise of seawater above the predicted astronomical tide, driven mainly by a storm's winds. It is often the deadliest coastal hazard when Atlantic storms reach shore.
Intertropical Convergence Zone: A near-equatorial belt where trade winds converge and rising air produces frequent clouds and rain. Its seasonal northward shift helps bring tropical disturbances into the Atlantic basin.
World Meteorological Organization: A United Nations agency that coordinates international work on weather, climate, and water. Its regional cyclone committees help standardize storm names and operational practices across the basin.

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