ATPase

An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate into adenosine diphosphate and inorganic phosphate, coupling the reaction to cellular work.

ATP hydrolysis: The reaction that converts ATP and water into ADP, inorganic phosphate, and free energy. It is the chemical reaction catalyzed by ATPases.
Adenosine triphosphate: A nucleotide that carries chemical energy and supplies phosphate groups in cells. It is the substrate whose hydrolysis powers ATPases.
Sodium-potassium pump: A P-type ATPase that exports three sodium ions and imports two potassium ions per ATP hydrolyzed. It maintains ion gradients that support electrical signaling and cell volume.
GTPase: An enzyme that hydrolyzes guanosine triphosphate to guanosine diphosphate and phosphate. It catalyzes nucleotide hydrolysis like an ATPase but uses GTP.
P-type ATPase: A membrane pump that transports ions by forming a phosphorylated enzyme intermediate. This ATPase family alternates access to binding sites through transient phosphorylation.
Adenosine diphosphate: A nucleotide formed when ATP loses one phosphate group. It is a principal product of ATPase-catalyzed hydrolysis.
SERCA: A calcium pump that uses ATP to move calcium ions into the sarcoplasmic or endoplasmic reticulum. Its activity lowers cytosolic calcium after muscle contraction and in other cells.
Kinase: An enzyme that transfers a phosphate group, commonly from ATP, to a substrate. Kinases use ATP as a phosphate donor rather than primarily as fuel for mechanical or transport work.
F-type ATPase: A rotary membrane enzyme that usually uses proton flow to synthesize ATP, but can run in reverse to hydrolyze it. Its reversible motor mechanism links ATP hydrolysis to ion transport.
Inorganic phosphate: A phosphate ion or group not attached to an organic molecule. It is released alongside ADP when ATP is hydrolyzed.

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Vesicular monoamine transporter 2Related: Vesicular ATPase activity establishes the proton gradient that powers VMAT2.