August Krogh

August Krogh (1874–1949) was a Danish physiologist awarded the 1920 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering how skeletal-muscle capillaries are regulated.

Marie Krogh: Marie Krogh was a Danish physician and physiologist who studied respiratory physiology and helped develop insulin production in Denmark. His wife and research collaborator, she contributed to investigations of gas exchange and helped establish the Nordisk Insulinlaboratorium.
Capillary recruitment: The increase in perfused capillaries within a tissue as blood flow or metabolic demand rises. Krogh proposed that muscle activity opens previously unperfused capillaries, expanding the exchange surface.
University of Copenhagen: A public research university founded in Copenhagen in 1479. Krogh studied and later held a physiology professorship there, conducting much of his research in its laboratories.
Oxygen consumption: The rate at which an organism or tissue uses oxygen during metabolism. Krogh measured oxygen use to relate muscular work to the circulation supplying active tissue.
Christian Bohr: Christian Bohr was a Danish physiologist known for research on respiration and the Bohr effect. Krogh worked in Bohr’s laboratory, where he began research on gas exchange and respiratory physiology.
Skeletal muscle: Striated muscle attached to the skeleton that produces voluntary movement and force. Krogh’s capillary studies focused on how this tissue adjusts blood supply during activity.
Respiratory physiology: The study of ventilation, gas exchange, and transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body. Krogh’s early work on breathing and gas exchange provided the experimental foundation for his later discoveries.
Exercise physiology: The study of how the body responds and adapts to physical activity. His experiments on muscle work and oxygen transport helped make exercise a quantitative subject in physiology.
Johannes Lindhard: Johannes Lindhard was a Danish physiologist who studied metabolism and exercise. Krogh collaborated with Lindhard on studies of muscular work, oxygen use, and circulation.
Oxygen diffusion: The movement of oxygen down its partial-pressure gradient through tissues and biological membranes. His capillary model explained how blood vessels bring oxygen close enough to muscle cells for diffusion.

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