Augustinianism

Augustinianism is a theological tradition drawing on Augustine of Hippo, especially his teachings on grace, original sin, human will, and divine predestination.

Augustine of Hippo: A late antique Christian bishop and theologian whose writings shaped Western Christianity. His writings supply the central arguments and authority of this tradition.
Pelagian controversy: A fifth-century dispute over sin, grace, baptism, and the extent of human moral ability. Augustine’s anti-Pelagian arguments became foundational to later Augustinian theology.
Thomism: A theological and philosophical tradition based on the work of Thomas Aquinas. Thomist accounts of grace and freedom offer a major Catholic comparison with Augustinian formulations.
Western Christianity: The Christian traditions that developed primarily in Western Europe and the Latin-speaking church. Augustine’s writings became a major source for its doctrines of sin, grace, and salvation.
Original sin: The doctrine that humanity inherits a condition of sin or its consequences from Adam. Augustinianism gives inherited sin a decisive role in explaining humanity’s need for grace.
Council of Carthage (418): A regional church council that condemned key propositions associated with Pelagianism. Its canons affirmed positions on original sin and grace close to Augustine’s teaching.
Molinism: A theological account in which God’s middle knowledge explains how providence accommodates free choices. Molinism addresses predestination and freedom through a framework distinct from Augustinian accounts.
Reformation: A sixteenth-century movement that divided Western Christianity and established Protestant churches. Reformers drew on Augustinian writings while disputing the church’s teaching on grace and salvation.
Grace in Christianity: God’s freely given favor and action in human salvation. Augustine’s account of grace explains how people can turn toward God despite sin.
Prosper of Aquitaine: A fifth-century Christian writer who defended Augustine’s teaching on grace and predestination. He helped carry Augustinian arguments into disputes after Augustine’s death.

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