Augusto B. Leguía

Augusto B. Leguía was a Peruvian politician who served as president from 1908 to 1912 and 1919 to 1930. His second presidency, known as the Oncenio, combined modernization and economic growth with authoritarian rule.

Oncenio de Leguía: The period of Augusto B. Leguía’s second presidency in Peru, from 1919 to 1930. This name captures the long, authoritarian presidency that defines Leguía’s legacy.
1920 Peruvian Constitution: The constitution adopted in Peru in 1920 during Augusto B. Leguía’s second presidency. It supplied the constitutional framework for his increasingly centralized government.
Civilista Party: A Peruvian political party founded in 1871 that represented civilian elites and supported constitutional government. Leguía began his political career within the party that dominated Peru before his break with it.
Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre: A Peruvian political leader who founded the American Popular Revolutionary Alliance and became a leading opponent of oligarchic rule. Haya de la Torre organized opposition to Leguía and developed a lasting rival political movement.
Treaty of Lima: The 1929 treaty between Peru and Chile that settled the status of Tacna and Arica after the War of the Pacific. Its settlement of the Tacna question became a major diplomatic achievement of Leguía’s second presidency.
1929 Peruvian Constitution: The constitution promulgated in Peru during Augusto B. Leguía’s second presidency. It formalized institutional changes made under the Oncenio.
Personalist dictatorship: An authoritarian regime in which political power is concentrated around one leader and personal loyalty. Leguía’s rule increasingly relied on his own authority rather than independent institutions.
Aristocratic Republic: The period of Peruvian history from 1895 to 1919, marked by oligarchic political dominance and export-led growth. Leguía’s first presidency unfolded within this elite-led political order.
Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro: A Peruvian military officer who led the 1930 coup against Leguía and later served as president. Sánchez Cerro’s rebellion directly ended Leguía’s second presidency.
La Brea and Pariñas controversy: A long-running Peruvian dispute over the taxation and ownership of oilfields operated by the London and Pacific Petroleum Company. The dispute exposed tensions between Leguía’s government, foreign companies, and Peruvian claims to sovereignty.

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