Ayodhya dispute

The Ayodhya dispute was a religious and legal conflict over a contested site in Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh, where the Babri Masjid stood before its demolition in 1992. India’s Supreme Court resolved the land-title case in 2019.

Babri Masjid: A mosque built in Ayodhya in the early sixteenth century and demolished by a Hindu nationalist crowd in 1992. The mosque’s presence and demolition became central to competing claims over the disputed site.
Ayodhya land-title case: The civil litigation over ownership and possession of the disputed Ayodhya site, decided by India’s Supreme Court in 2019. This case converted decades of competing claims into a final legal allocation of the land.
Lal Krishna Advani: An Indian politician who led the Bharatiya Janata Party and its 1990 Rath Yatra supporting a Ram temple in Ayodhya. His procession helped turn the temple campaign into a nationwide political mobilization.
Ram Mandir: A Hindu temple in Ayodhya dedicated to Rama, built at the site allocated for a temple by the Supreme Court’s 2019 judgment. Construction followed the judgment’s direction to establish a trust for a temple on the disputed land.
Ram Janmabhoomi: A sacred site in Ayodhya believed by many Hindus to be the birthplace of the deity Rama. Hindu litigants claimed the contested land as Rama’s birthplace.
Demolition of the Babri Masjid: The destruction of the Babri Masjid by a Hindu nationalist crowd on 6 December 1992. The demolition intensified the conflict and prompted criminal and constitutional proceedings.
Atal Bihari Vajpayee: An Indian politician who served three terms as prime minister and was a senior Bharatiya Janata Party leader. His party’s rise brought the Ayodhya campaign into national government and politics.
Religious violence in India: Violence in India involving religious identity, communities, or institutions. The dispute’s mobilization and the mosque’s demolition contributed to episodes of interreligious violence.
Rama: A major Hindu deity, celebrated as the prince of Ayodhya in the Sanskrit epic Ramayana. The site’s religious significance rests on the belief that Rama was born there.
Allahabad High Court: The High Court serving Uttar Pradesh, established in 1866 and headquartered in Prayagraj. Its 2010 ruling divided the disputed land among three claimants before the Supreme Court appeal.

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