B. J. Habibie

B. J. Habibie was an Indonesian aerospace engineer and politician who served as Indonesia’s third president from 1998 to 1999, after Suharto’s resignation.

Suharto: Suharto was Indonesia’s second president, ruling from 1967 until his resignation in 1998. Habibie served as vice president under Suharto and succeeded him after his resignation.
Reformasi: Reformasi is Indonesia’s post-1998 movement for political reform, democratization, and an end to authoritarian rule. Habibie’s government opened political space and began reforms demanded by the movement.
Nusantara Aircraft Industry: Nusantara Aircraft Industry, now PT Dirgantara Indonesia, is an Indonesian aerospace manufacturer established in 1976. Habibie led the company and promoted domestic aircraft production.
Asian financial crisis: The Asian financial crisis was a regional economic crisis beginning in 1997 that caused severe currency and banking turmoil. Habibie inherited Indonesia’s crisis-stricken economy after Suharto fell.
Abdurrahman Wahid: Abdurrahman Wahid was an Indonesian Muslim scholar and politician who served as president from 1999 to 2001. He succeeded Habibie after Indonesia’s 1999 presidential selection.
Indonesian general election, 1999: Indonesia’s 1999 general election was the country’s first free parliamentary election since 1955. Habibie’s government organized the vote that restored competitive national elections.
N-250: The N-250 was an Indonesian-designed turboprop passenger aircraft developed by Nusantara Aircraft Industry. Habibie championed the project as a major demonstration of Indonesian aerospace capability.
Indonesian National Awakening Party: The National Awakening Party is an Indonesian political party founded in 1998 and associated with Abdurrahman Wahid. Its rise illustrates the plural party politics that replaced the restricted system Habibie inherited.
Megawati Sukarnoputri: Megawati Sukarnoputri is an Indonesian politician who served as president from 2001 to 2004. Her political rise followed the transition that began during Habibie’s presidency.
East Timor independence: East Timor became independent from Indonesia in 2002 after a 1999 referendum and a period of international administration. Habibie authorized the referendum that enabled East Timor’s separation from Indonesia.

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