Bacterial phylum

A bacterial phylum is a high-level taxonomic group containing related classes and lower-ranked lineages. Its boundaries and names can change as classification incorporates genomic evidence.

Bacterial taxonomy: The naming and classification of bacteria into nested groups. Phyla occupy a rank within this broader system of bacterial classification.
16S ribosomal RNA: An RNA component of the small ribosomal subunit used widely to identify and compare bacteria and archaea. Its conserved and variable regions provided a basis for comparing bacterial lineages.
Pseudomonadota: A large bacterial phylum that includes many familiar Gram-negative bacteria, including Escherichia and Pseudomonas. It illustrates a broad phylum containing classes with markedly different lifestyles.
Linnaean taxonomy: A hierarchical classification system that groups organisms into ranked categories and assigns binomial names to species. Its traditional rank-based framework contrasts with genome-driven proposals for bacterial groupings.
Bacterial class: A taxonomic rank below phylum and above order in bacterial classification. Classes are the principal named groups contained within a bacterial phylum.
Whole-genome sequencing: The determination of the complete DNA sequence of an organism's genome. Genome-wide comparisons can test and revise relationships inferred from individual genes.
Bacillota: A bacterial phylum that includes organisms such as Bacillus, Clostridium, and many lactic acid bacteria. Its members range from spore-formers to bacteria associated with food and hosts.
PhyloCode: A set of rules for naming clades based on phylogenetic relationships rather than mandatory taxonomic ranks. It offers a rank-free alternative to treating phylum as a required level.
Bacterial order: A taxonomic rank below class and above family in bacterial classification. Orders show how lineages are subdivided beneath a phylum's classes.
Average nucleotide identity: A measure of sequence similarity between the genomes of two microorganisms. Genome similarity helps distinguish species-level groupings within phyla, not define phyla alone.

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