Baryon

A baryon is a hadron with half-integer spin and nonzero baryon number. Most familiar baryons, including protons and neutrons, contain three quarks.

Quark: An elementary fermion that carries color charge and combines with other quarks to form hadrons. Quarks are the constituents of ordinary three-quark baryons.
Three-quark model: A model in which a baryon is described primarily by three valence quarks. It captures the basic constituent structure of familiar baryons.
Proton: A stable positively charged baryon composed mainly of two up quarks and one down quark. It is the lightest stable baryon and a constituent of atomic nuclei.
Meson: A hadron with integer spin, conventionally composed of a quark and an antiquark. Mesons are the other principal hadron class and have different constituent structure.
Quantum chromodynamics: The theory of the strong interaction, describing quarks and gluons through color charge. It governs the forces binding quarks inside baryons.
Gluon: A massless gauge boson that mediates the strong interaction and carries color charge. Gluons bind baryon constituents through the strong interaction.
Neutron: A neutral baryon composed mainly of one up quark and two down quarks. It is the other principal constituent of ordinary atomic nuclei.
Antibaryon: A particle with the same mass as a baryon and opposite additive quantum numbers, including baryon number. Antibaryons contrast baryonic matter with its antimatter counterparts.
Color charge: The quantum property through which quarks and gluons participate in the strong interaction. Baryons are color-neutral combinations of color-charged quarks.
Confinement (particle physics): The phenomenon that colored quarks and gluons are not observed as isolated particles. Confinement keeps baryon quarks bound in color-neutral states.

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