Battle of Anzio

The Battle of Anzio was a 1944 Allied amphibious campaign in Italy that established a beachhead near Anzio and ended with the capture of Rome.

Operation Shingle: The Allied amphibious landing at Anzio on 22 January 1944. This landing began the beachhead campaign and gave it its operational name.
Italian Campaign (World War II): The Allied military campaign in Italy from 1943 until the end of World War II in Europe. Anzio was one operation within this long campaign to move north through Italy.
John P. Lucas: The U.S. general who commanded the Allied landing force at Anzio until February 1944. Lucas’s cautious consolidation after landing became a major controversy of the campaign.
Capture of Rome: The Allied entry into Rome on 4 June 1944, making it the first Axis capital captured by the Allies. The Anzio breakout contributed directly to the city’s capture two days before D-Day.
Anzio beachhead: The Allied-held coastal position established around Anzio and Nettuno in January 1944. Its exposed perimeter became the campaign’s central defensive problem.
Salerno landings: The Allied amphibious invasion of mainland Italy near Salerno in September 1943. The difficult Salerno landing informed Allied planning for later amphibious operations.
Lucian Truscott: The U.S. general who replaced Lucas and later led the Anzio breakout. Truscott commanded the beachhead forces during the decisive May offensive.
Operation Buffalo: The May 1944 Allied breakout plan from Anzio, aimed at cutting German forces retreating from the Gustav Line. Clark redirected the main thrust toward Rome rather than the planned route to cut off German retreat.
Operation Fischfang: A German offensive against the Anzio beachhead in February 1944. It tested the Allied perimeter and failed to drive the landing force into the sea.
Rome: The capital of Italy, occupied by German forces from 1943 until Allied troops entered in June 1944. Capturing Rome was a major political and military objective of the campaign.

Linked from 6 pages