Battle of Boyacá

The Battle of Boyacá was a decisive 1819 victory by Simón Bolívar’s forces over Spanish royalists, opening the way to independence for New Granada.

Battle of Pantano de Vargas: A 1819 battle in which Bolívar’s army fought Spanish forces during its advance across New Granada. Its costly outcome preceded the rapid march that brought Bolívar’s army to Boyacá.
New Granada: A Spanish colonial territory that included much of present-day Colombia and neighboring regions. Boyacá was fought to determine control of this colonial territory.
Capture of Bogotá (1819): The patriot occupation of Bogotá in August 1819 after the royalist defeat at Boyacá. The battle opened the capital to Bolívar’s forces within days.
Boyacá Department: An administrative department in central-eastern Colombia, named for the region where the battle was fought. The department preserves the battle’s place-name in modern Colombian geography.
Battle of Boyacá Bridge: The engagement at the Boyacá River bridge that formed the decisive phase of the Battle of Boyacá. The royalist column’s capture at the bridge broke Spanish control of the route to Bogotá.
Simón Bolívar: A Venezuelan military and political leader who helped lead independence movements across northern South America. Bolívar directed the campaign that culminated in victory at Boyacá.
Republic of Colombia (1819–1831): A South American republic, also called Gran Colombia, established under Bolívar in 1819. Boyacá helped secure the New Granadan territory that formed the republic.
Puente de Boyacá: A historic bridge and monument site in Boyacá, Colombia, associated with the 1819 battle. The bridge is the principal physical landmark commemorating the battle.
Francisco de Paula Santander: A New Granadan independence leader and general who served under Simón Bolívar. Santander commanded a key part of the patriot force in the battle.
Liberating Campaign of New Granada: The 1819 military campaign that brought Bolívar’s forces from Venezuela into New Granada and defeated Spanish rule there. Boyacá was the campaign’s decisive battle.

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