Battle of Leipzig

The Battle of Leipzig was a major 1813 battle in Saxony in which a coalition of Russia, Prussia, Austria, and Sweden defeated Napoleon’s forces.

Sixth Coalition: The alliance of European powers that fought Napoleon from 1813 to 1814. Its armies combined to confront Napoleon at Leipzig.
French invasion of Russia: Napoleon’s 1812 campaign in Russia, which ended in the destruction of much of his Grande Armée. Its losses left France weakened before the coalition campaign of 1813.
Confederation of the Rhine: A group of German states allied with Napoleonic France from 1806 to 1813. Its members deserted Napoleon after the coalition victory.
Battle of the Nations Monument: A monumental structure in Leipzig commemorating the 1813 battle. It marks the battlefield where the coalition victory became a defining German memory.
Napoleon Bonaparte: French military commander and emperor whose wars reshaped Europe in the early nineteenth century. He commanded the French forces and their allies during the battle.
War of the Sixth Coalition: The European war of 1813–1814 in which a coalition fought Napoleon’s French Empire. Leipzig was the decisive battle of this wider war.
Invasion of France (1814): The coalition campaign that entered France after Napoleon’s defeat in Germany. Leipzig cleared the route for the Allies’ advance into France.
Bernadotte: Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, a former French marshal who became crown prince of Sweden and fought Napoleon. He led Swedish forces in the coalition at Leipzig.
Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher: Prussian field marshal who led major campaigns against Napoleon. His army pressed the French from the north and helped drive their retreat.
German campaign of 1813: The series of military operations in central Europe that culminated in the defeat of Napoleon at Leipzig. The battle concluded the campaign’s major contest for control of Germany.

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