Battle of Salamis

A Greek naval victory over the Persian fleet in 480 BC during the second Persian invasion of Greece. The Greek fleet fought in the narrow straits between Salamis and the Attic mainland.

Salamis Strait: The narrow waterway between Salamis and the Attic mainland, where the Battle of Salamis was fought. Its confined waters limited Persian maneuvering and shaped the battle.
Second Persian invasion of Greece: The 480–479 BC campaign in which Xerxes I led a Persian army and fleet into Greece. Salamis was the decisive naval engagement within this invasion.
Battle of Plataea: A 479 BC land battle in which a Greek alliance defeated the Persian army in Boeotia. It completed the major Greek victories that ended Xerxes's invasion.
Battle of Lade: A 494 BC naval battle in which the Persian fleet defeated the Ionian Greek fleet near Miletus. Unlike Salamis, this earlier engagement ended in a Persian naval victory.
Trireme: An ancient warship propelled mainly by three banks of oars on each side. Greek triremes used ramming and coordinated rowing in the confined straits.
Greco-Persian Wars: A series of conflicts between Greek states and the Persian Empire from the early fifth century BC. The battle formed a turning point in this wider conflict.
Battle of Mycale: A 479 BC battle in which Greek forces defeated Persian forces on the coast of Ionia. Its victory followed Salamis and weakened Persian power in the Aegean.
Battle of Actium: A 31 BC naval battle in which Octavian defeated the forces of Antony and Cleopatra. Like Salamis, it became a famous victory fought in confined coastal waters, but in a different era and conflict.
Themistocles: An Athenian statesman and general who helped build Athens's fleet and commanded at Salamis. His strategy helped draw the Persian fleet into the narrow waterway.
Battle of Thermopylae: A 480 BC battle in which a Greek force resisted the Persian advance at a narrow pass. Its defeat exposed central Greece and helped prompt the evacuation of Athens.

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