Bavaria

Bavaria is Germany’s largest federal state by area, in the country’s southeast. Its capital and largest city is Munich.

Duchy of Bavaria: A medieval and early modern polity centered on the region now known as Bavaria. Its territorial history underlies Bavaria’s modern name and regional identity.
States of Germany: The sixteen federal states that make up the Federal Republic of Germany. Bavaria is one of these states and has its own parliament and government.
BMW: A German manufacturer of cars and motorcycles headquartered in Munich. The company illustrates the state’s concentration of major engineering and manufacturing firms.
Baden-Württemberg: A German federal state west of Bavaria, with Stuttgart as its capital. The two southern states share industrial strength but maintain separate political identities.
Kingdom of Bavaria: A kingdom that existed from 1806 until Bavaria became a state of the German Empire in 1871. Its rulers and institutions shaped Bavaria before German unification.
Munich: The capital and largest city of Bavaria, located in the state’s south. The state government and many of Bavaria’s leading institutions are based there.
Siemens: A German technology company founded in Berlin and headquartered in Munich. Its headquarters reflect Munich’s importance as a center for technology and business.
Hesse: A German federal state northwest of Bavaria, with Wiesbaden as its capital. Its position beyond Bavaria’s western border offers a useful neighboring comparison.
German mediatisation: The 1803 reorganization that dissolved many small German territories and transferred their lands to larger states. It greatly expanded Bavaria and helped establish its modern territorial scale.
Franconia: A historical region of central Europe whose Bavarian portion includes northern parts of the state. Its distinct regional identity shows that Bavaria contains more than one cultural region.

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