Biblical exegesis

Biblical exegesis is the interpretation of biblical texts through close attention to their language, historical setting, literary form, and meaning.

Historical-grammatical method: An interpretive method that seeks a text’s meaning through its grammar, historical setting, and literary context. It grounds biblical readings in the wording and circumstances of the passage.
Biblical Hebrew: The form of Hebrew used in most of the Hebrew Bible. Its grammar and vocabulary shape the interpretation of many biblical passages.
Jewish biblical interpretation: The diverse traditions and methods through which Jewish communities interpret the Hebrew Bible. Rabbinic and other Jewish readings offer enduring approaches to scriptural meaning.
Eisegesis: The practice of reading a text through meanings or assumptions brought to it rather than derived from it. It names the interpretive error exegesis aims to avoid.
Origen: An early Christian theologian and scholar whose writings developed influential approaches to biblical interpretation. His distinction among levels of scriptural meaning became foundational for Christian exegesis.
Textual criticism: The study of manuscript variants used to reconstruct the earliest recoverable form of a text. Establishing the wording of a biblical passage can precede interpreting it.
Biblical Aramaic: The variety of Aramaic used in portions of the Hebrew Bible. Several passages require attention to Aramaic wording rather than Hebrew.
Christian biblical interpretation: The diverse traditions and methods through which Christian communities interpret the Bible. Christian exegesis developed distinctive readings of both Testaments and their relationship.
Canonical criticism: An approach that studies biblical texts in their received form and place within the canon. It emphasizes the final scriptural collection, unlike approaches focused chiefly on earlier textual stages.
Augustine of Hippo: A late antique Christian theologian whose works shaped Western theology and biblical interpretation. His account of signs and charity influenced how Christians understood scriptural meaning.

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