Biofuel

Biofuel is fuel produced from biomass, including plants, algae, organic waste, and animal byproducts. It can replace or supplement fossil fuels in transport, heating, and electricity generation.

Fermentation: A metabolic process in which microorganisms convert sugars into products such as ethanol, often without oxygen. Yeast fermentation converts plant sugars into bioethanol.
Biomass: Organic material from living or recently living organisms, including plants, animals, and microorganisms. It is the renewable biological feedstock from which biofuels are made.
Sustainable aviation fuel: Aviation fuel produced from non-petroleum sources and meeting specified sustainability and performance criteria. Some pathways make drop-in jet fuel from biomass for aircraft.
Life-cycle assessment: A method for estimating the environmental impacts of a product or service across its life cycle. It compares biofuel emissions from feedstock production through fuel use.
Fossil fuel: Fuel formed from ancient organic matter transformed by geological processes over millions of years. Unlike biofuel, it draws on carbon stored over geological timescales.
Anaerobic digestion: The breakdown of organic matter by microorganisms in oxygen-free conditions, producing biogas and digestate. It turns manure and food waste into methane-rich fuel.
Bioethanol: Ethanol produced biologically, usually by fermenting sugars or starches from biomass. It is a widely used liquid biofuel blended into gasoline.
Renewable diesel: A hydrocarbon diesel fuel made from renewable feedstocks through processes such as hydrotreating. It can substitute for petroleum diesel without biodiesel’s ester chemistry.
Indirect land use change: The displacement of existing land uses when demand for a commodity causes production to expand elsewhere. Biofuel crop demand can shift food or feed production into new areas.
Electric vehicle: A vehicle propelled by one or more electric motors, drawing power from batteries or an external source. It offers a transport-energy alternative that avoids burning liquid fuel onboard.

Linked from 32 pages