Blurred vision

Blurred vision is reduced visual clarity that makes objects appear indistinct. It can result from refractive errors, eye conditions, or broader medical problems.

Refractive error: A mismatch between the eye’s optical power and its length prevents light from focusing sharply on the retina. It is a common optical cause of blurred vision.
Presbyopia: Age-related loss of the eye’s ability to focus on nearby objects. Near blur that develops with age often reflects reduced accommodation.
Visual acuity test: A test that measures the smallest details a person can distinguish at a specified distance. It quantifies clarity and helps identify blur that improves with lenses.
Diplopia: A visual condition in which a single object appears as two images. Double vision duplicates an image rather than simply reducing its sharpness.
Myopia: A refractive error in which distant objects appear blurred because light focuses in front of the retina. It produces distance blur through a specific focusing mismatch.
Diabetic retinopathy: Damage to retinal blood vessels caused by diabetes, which can impair vision and lead to blindness. Retinal leakage or damage can cause blurred vision in people with diabetes.
Refraction (optics): A clinical procedure that determines the lens power needed to focus light sharply on the retina. It tests whether corrective lenses resolve the blurred vision.
Metamorphopsia: A visual distortion in which straight lines or object shapes appear warped. Distorted shapes can accompany blur but are a distinct visual symptom.
Hyperopia: A refractive error in which the eye focuses light behind the retina, often making near vision difficult. It can blur near objects when accommodation cannot compensate.
Macular degeneration: A group of disorders that damage the macula, the retinal region responsible for central vision. Macular damage can make central detail appear blurred or distorted.

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