Body armor

Body armor is protective clothing or equipment worn to shield the body from bullets, blades, blunt-force impacts, or other physical hazards. Its protection depends on materials, construction, coverage, and the threat it is designed to resist.

Ballistic resistance: The ability of a material or structure to resist penetration and damage from projectiles. It describes the protection body armor provides against bullets and fragments.
Personal protective equipment: Equipment worn to reduce exposure to hazards that can cause injury or illness. Body armor is one form of equipment designed to protect the wearer.
Lamellar armor: Armor made from small plates laced together into overlapping rows. It is an early body-protection design built from discrete, replaceable pieces.
Interceptor Body Armor: A U.S. military armor system introduced in the early 2000s, combining a vest with protective inserts. It is a prominent example of modular military armor.
Soldier survivability: The likelihood that military personnel survive combat and its associated hazards. Armor can prevent fatal wounds, while its weight and coverage shape combat effectiveness.
Stab resistance: The ability of clothing or equipment to prevent pointed or edged weapons from penetrating. It is a separate design requirement from stopping bullets.
Ballistics: The science of projectile motion, launch, and impact. Projectile behavior helps define what ballistic armor must withstand.
Mail armor: Armor made from interlinked metal rings, commonly called chain mail. Mail protected against cuts while remaining more flexible than a solid metal shell.
Improved Outer Tactical Vest: A U.S. Army armor vest developed as an improved successor to the Interceptor system. Its revisions addressed fit, mobility, and protection for deployed soldiers.
Load carriage: The transport of equipment on the body, including its weight distribution and effect on movement. Armor contributes substantial weight to the load a wearer must carry.

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