Bolivian War of Independence

The conflict in which Upper Peru broke from Spanish rule and became the independent republic of Bolivia in 1825.

Chuquisaca Revolution: A May 1809 uprising in Chuquisaca that challenged royal authority in Upper Peru. Its early revolt opened a cycle of insurgency that became part of the independence struggle.
Spanish American wars of independence: The conflicts through which Spain's American colonies established independent states in the early nineteenth century. Upper Peru's struggle formed part of this wider continental break with Spain.
Simón Bolívar: A Venezuelan military and political leader who helped liberate northern South America from Spanish rule. The new republic adopted his name after his campaigns reshaped the continent's politics.
Bolivia: A landlocked country in central South America, established as an independent republic in 1825. It was the state formed from Upper Peru after the war.
La Paz revolution of 1809: An uprising in July 1809 that established a revolutionary junta in La Paz before Spanish forces suppressed it. Its suppression showed how royalist armies could reverse early gains.
Peninsular War: The 1808–1814 conflict in which Spain and its allies fought French occupation and Joseph Bonaparte's rule. The crisis of Spanish legitimacy helped trigger juntas and uprisings in the Americas.
Juana Azurduy de Padilla: A revolutionary military leader who fought Spanish forces in Upper Peru and the Río de la Plata region. Her campaigns represent the armed participation of women in the insurgency.
Republic of Bolívar: The name first given to the independent state founded in Upper Peru in 1825, later called Bolivia. Its creation marked the immediate political result of the independence settlement.
Republiquetas: Guerrilla-controlled territories in Upper Peru that resisted Spanish rule during the wars of independence. Their local resistance kept insurgency alive between major campaigns.
Juntas of Spanish America: Local governing bodies formed in Spanish America during the monarchy's crisis after Napoleon's invasion of Spain. Their claims to govern in the king's absence provided an early political frame for revolt.

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