Bony fish

Bony fish are vertebrates whose skeletons contain substantial bone. The group includes ray-finned fishes and lobe-finned fishes, including the ancestors of tetrapods.

Osteichthyes: Osteichthyes is the vertebrate clade comprising bony fishes and their tetrapod descendants. This clade places bony fishes within the larger evolutionary group that also includes land vertebrates.
Fish gill: A fish gill is a respiratory organ that exchanges gases between water and blood. Bony fishes use gills to obtain oxygen while water passes across delicate filaments.
Osteichthyan: An osteichthyan is a member of the vertebrate lineage containing bony fishes and tetrapods. Early osteichthyans mark the lineage from which modern bony-fish branches emerged.
Cartilaginous fish: Cartilaginous fishes are vertebrates whose skeletons are primarily cartilage, including sharks, rays, and chimaeras. Their cartilage-based skeleton contrasts with the substantial bone characteristic of bony fishes.
Ray-finned fish: Ray-finned fishes are vertebrates whose fins are supported by slender bony rays. They form the largest living lineage of bony fishes.
Buoyancy control: Buoyancy control is the regulation of an organism’s tendency to rise or sink in a fluid. Many bony fishes adjust depth using gas in the swim bladder.
Sarcopterygii: Sarcopterygii is the vertebrate clade of lobe-finned fishes and tetrapods. This branch connects living lobe-finned fishes to the origin of tetrapods.
Jawless fish: Jawless fishes are living or extinct vertebrates that lack hinged jaws. Lampreys and hagfishes provide a comparison with jawed bony-fish anatomy.
Lobe-finned fish: Lobe-finned fishes are vertebrates with paired fins supported by fleshy, bone-bearing lobes. Their lineage includes lungfishes, coelacanths, and the ancestors of tetrapods.
Fish fin: A fish fin is an appendage that controls propulsion, steering, stability, or braking in water. Fin structure and movement vary across the group’s major lineages.

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