Booby trap
A concealed device designed to injure, kill, or surprise someone when they disturb it or perform a particular action.
Tripwire: A tensioned line that activates a mechanism when disturbed. A concealed line can make a step or movement trigger a trap.
Land warfare: Armed conflict conducted primarily by forces operating on land. Booby traps have been used to hinder movement and control terrain in land combat.
Explosive ordnance: Munitions and devices containing explosives, including mines, bombs, and unexploded ammunition. This broader category includes many hazards that are not concealed traps.
International humanitarian law: The body of law that limits the effects of armed conflict and protects people not participating in hostilities. Its rules govern how and where booby traps may be used during armed conflict.
Vietnam War: A conflict fought from 1955 to 1975 involving North Vietnam, South Vietnam, and their allies. Booby traps were used extensively in the conflict and shaped the dangers faced by troops and civilians.
Pressure plate: A surface that activates a mechanism when weight or force presses it. A hidden plate turns stepping on an object into the triggering action.
Guerrilla warfare: Irregular warfare in which smaller forces use mobility, ambush, and local support against stronger opponents. Concealed hazards can support ambushes and disrupt an opponent's movement.
Snares: Devices that catch or restrain animals, commonly using a loop or entangling mechanism. Snares are generally intended to capture animals rather than surprise or harm a person who disturbs an object.
Distinction (international humanitarian law): The rule requiring parties to distinguish civilians and civilian objects from combatants and military objectives. A concealed trigger that cannot distinguish its victims risks violating this rule.
Vietnam War tunnel systems: Underground networks used by Vietnamese forces during the Vietnam War for shelter, movement, and military operations. Entrances and passages could be concealed or defended with hazards intended to deter intrusion.