Börte

Börte was Genghis Khan’s principal wife and a political figure in the early Mongol Empire. Her marriage, captivity, and sons shaped the dynasty’s succession and alliances.

Genghis Khan: Genghis Khan unified Mongol tribes and founded the Mongol Empire in the early thirteenth century. Börte’s husband and the ruler whose early alliances and succession she helped shape.
Mongol Empire: The Mongol Empire was a transcontinental state founded by Genghis Khan in the thirteenth century. Börte’s family became its ruling dynasty as the empire expanded.
Mongol succession: Mongol succession was the political process by which rulers and territories passed among Chinggisid descendants. Börte’s sons became central claimants in the first transfer of supreme power.
Secret History of the Mongols: The Secret History of the Mongols is a thirteenth-century narrative of Temüjin’s life and the rise of the Mongol Empire. It preserves the principal Mongol account of Börte’s marriage, abduction, and return.
Jochi: Jochi was the eldest son of Genghis Khan and a founder of the ruling line of the Golden Horde. Börte’s eldest son, whose contested paternity influenced Mongol succession politics.
Mongols: The Mongols are peoples of the Mongolian Plateau whose tribes were unified under Genghis Khan. Börte’s marriage joined her to the society from which the empire emerged.
Kurultai: A kurultai was an assembly of Mongol leaders convened to make major political decisions, including selecting a khan. The assembly confirmed Ögedei’s succession after Genghis Khan’s death.
Battle of the Kalka River: The Battle of the Kalka River was a 1223 Mongol victory over a coalition of Rus' princes and Cumans. Jochi’s descendants later governed western lands reached through campaigns like this one.
Chagatai Khan: Chagatai Khan was Genghis Khan’s second son and ruler of a large Central Asian ulus. Börte’s son, whose rivalry with Jochi affected the empire’s succession arrangements.
Keraites: The Keraites were a powerful Christian Mongolic people of the Central Asian steppe before Mongol unification. Börte’s family ties and the early Mongol alliances unfolded among neighboring steppe peoples.

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