Boycott

A boycott is a coordinated refusal to buy, use, or participate in something to express protest or pressure an organization, government, or person.

Collective action: Coordinated action by multiple people pursuing a shared goal. A boycott succeeds when participants coordinate their refusals rather than act in isolation.
Montgomery bus boycott: A 1955–1956 protest against racial segregation on public buses in Montgomery, Alabama. Its sustained refusal of bus travel challenged segregation and helped launch a wider civil-rights campaign.
Charles Boycott: A British land agent in Ireland whose name became the source of the word “boycott.” Irish tenants organized the refusal to deal with him that gave the tactic its name.
Strike action: A collective refusal by workers to perform their jobs, usually to press an employer or authority. A strike withholds labor, while a boycott withholds purchases, use, or participation.
Economic coercion: The use of economic costs or restrictions to influence another actor’s choices. A boycott seeks leverage by making continued conduct economically costly.
Consumer activism: The use of purchasing choices and consumer campaigns to pursue social or political change. Consumer boycotts apply collective pressure through decisions about what to buy.
Salt March: A 1930 campaign led by Mohandas Gandhi against British control of salt production and sales in India. It paired civil disobedience with refusal to accept a colonial monopoly.
Irish Land War: A period of agrarian agitation in Ireland from 1879 to 1882 over land ownership and tenant rights. The organized ostracism of Boycott arose amid this conflict over rents and eviction.
Sanctions: Penalties or restrictions imposed to change a target’s behavior or punish violations. Sanctions are imposed by authorities; boycotts may be voluntary or organized by nonstate groups.
Consumer sovereignty: The idea that consumers’ purchasing choices guide what producers supply. Boycotts use consumer choice collectively, while raising questions about how much market power consumers hold.

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