Brazilian jiu-jitsu

Brazilian jiu-jitsu is a grappling martial art and combat sport centered on ground fighting, positional control, and submission holds. It developed in Brazil from judo and Japanese jujutsu.

Guard (grappling): A ground position in which a grappler uses the legs to manage or attack an opponent between them. The guard lets a fighter control distance and create attacks from underneath.
Jujutsu: A Japanese martial tradition encompassing unarmed and weapon-based methods of combat. It is part of the older Japanese grappling heritage behind Brazilian jiu-jitsu.
Submission grappling: A form of grappling competition in which athletes seek submissions, usually without strikes. No-gi Brazilian jiu-jitsu competitions belong to this broader competitive format.
Wrestling: A family of grappling sports focused on takedowns, control, and pinning an opponent. Wrestling often prioritizes takedowns and pins, while Brazilian jiu-jitsu develops extensive submission play.
Vale Tudo: A Brazilian full-contact fighting tradition with few restrictions on permitted techniques. Vale Tudo bouts gave early practitioners a venue to test grappling against other fighting styles.
Mount (grappling): A dominant ground position in which one grappler straddles the opponent’s torso. Mount is a high-control position that enables strikes and submission attempts.
Mitsuyo Maeda: A Japanese judoka who traveled internationally and taught grappling in Brazil in the early twentieth century. Maeda’s teaching connected Japanese grappling to the family that developed Brazilian jiu-jitsu.
Gi (uniform): A traditional martial arts uniform whose jacket, sleeves, and trousers can be used for grips. Gi practice makes clothing grips and lapel-based controls part of the game.
Sambo: A martial art and combat sport originating in the Soviet Union that combines wrestling and submission techniques. Sambo shares grappling and leg locks but has distinct rules and historical development.
Ultimate Fighting Championship: A mixed martial arts promotion founded in 1993 in the United States. Early UFC events brought Brazilian jiu-jitsu techniques to a large international audience.

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