Brian Schmidt

Brian Schmidt is an Australian-American astrophysicist who shared the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics for discovering that the universe’s expansion is accelerating.

Adam Riess: Adam Riess is an American astrophysicist who shared the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics for discovering the universe’s accelerating expansion. Riess led the parallel supernova team whose findings independently matched Schmidt’s group.
Type Ia supernova: A stellar explosion whose relatively consistent peak brightness makes it useful for measuring astronomical distances. These supernovae provided the distance markers Schmidt’s team compared across cosmic history.
Dark energy: Dark energy is the name for the unknown cause of the universe’s observed accelerating expansion. The discovery made dark energy a central problem in cosmology.
1998 discovery of the accelerating expansion of the universe: The 1998 discovery was the finding, by two supernova research teams, that the universe’s expansion is accelerating. Schmidt’s team announced this result in 1998 using distant Type Ia supernovae.
Saul Perlmutter: Saul Perlmutter is an American astrophysicist who shared the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics for discovering the universe’s accelerating expansion. Perlmutter led the Supernova Cosmology Project, the competing team that reported the same result.
Cosmological redshift: Cosmological redshift is the stretching of light to longer wavelengths as the universe expands. Redshifts supplied the recession information paired with supernova distance estimates.
Lambda-CDM model: The Lambda-CDM model is the standard cosmological model, combining dark energy with cold dark matter. The accelerating expansion became a defining observation the model must explain.
Supernova 1997ff: Supernova 1997ff is a distant Type Ia supernova whose observations provided evidence about cosmic expansion. Its distance and redshift offered an early test of the teams’ cosmological interpretation.
High-Z Supernova Search Team: The High-Z Supernova Search Team was an international collaboration that used distant supernovae to measure cosmic expansion. Schmidt led this team when it found evidence that expansion is accelerating.
Luminosity distance: Luminosity distance is the distance inferred from an object’s intrinsic luminosity and observed brightness. Comparing luminosity distances with redshifts revealed that distant supernovae were dimmer than expected.

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Accelerating expansion of the universeRelated: He coordinated the team that reported evidence for accelerated expansion.