Brittonic languages

Brittonic is a branch of Insular Celtic that includes Welsh, Breton, and Cornish, along with extinct languages such as Cumbric and British.

Insular Celtic languages: The Celtic languages that developed in the British Isles and, in one branch, Brittany. Brittonic forms one of Insular Celtic’s two main branches, alongside Goidelic.
Welsh language: A living Brittonic language spoken chiefly in Wales. Welsh is the largest Brittonic language by number of speakers.
Common Brittonic: The ancestral Brittonic language spoken in much of Britain before the development of its historical daughter languages. It represents the shared speech community from which recorded Brittonic languages emerged.
Celtic initial consonant mutation: A set of grammatical alternations in which the first consonant of a word changes according to its context. Initial mutations are prominent in Brittonic grammar and distinguish its languages from many neighbors.
Welsh language movement: Campaigns and institutions supporting the use and status of Welsh in public life. Its work has helped maintain Welsh as a major living Brittonic language.
Celtic languages: A family of Indo-European languages historically spoken across parts of Europe and still spoken in several regions. Brittonic belongs to the Celtic family through its Insular Celtic branch.
Breton language: A living Brittonic language spoken in Brittany, in northwestern France. Breton’s presence in France reflects migration from Britain during the early medieval period.
Roman Britain: The parts of Britain governed by Rome from the first to the early fifth century CE. Latin contact and Roman-era inscriptions illuminate Brittonic speech before its medieval records.
Lenition: A sound change that weakens a consonant, often by reducing closure or articulatory force. Lenition underlies several consonant alternations found in Brittonic languages.
Welsh Language Act 1993: A UK statute that established equal validity for Welsh and English in the public business it covered. It marked a legal shift in the status of a Brittonic language in Wales.

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