Bubonic plague

Bubonic plague is an infection caused by Yersinia pestis, marked by fever and painful, swollen lymph nodes called buboes. It is the most common clinical form of plague.

Yersinia pestis: A bacterium that causes plague in humans and other mammals. This pathogen multiplies in lymph nodes and triggers the inflammation that forms buboes.
Plague diagnosis: The identification of plague through clinical assessment and laboratory testing for Yersinia pestis. Prompt testing of blood, sputum, or bubo material can confirm suspected cases.
Plague of Justinian: A pandemic that began in the sixth century and affected the Byzantine Empire and surrounding regions. It is an early pandemic historically associated with plague.
Tularemia: An infectious disease caused by the bacterium Francisella tularensis, sometimes marked by swollen lymph nodes. Its lymph-node swelling can resemble a bubo, but a different bacterium causes it.
Quarantine: The separation or restriction of movement of people or goods exposed to contagious disease. Plague outbreaks helped make quarantine a lasting tool of epidemic control.
Flea-borne transmission: The spread of pathogens through the bites of infected fleas. Infected fleas commonly transmit plague bacteria from rodents to people.
Plague treatment: The use of antibiotics and supportive care to treat plague infection. Early antibiotic treatment can sharply reduce the risk of death.
Black Death: The devastating plague pandemic that spread across Eurasia and North Africa in the mid-fourteenth century. Bubonic plague was a major clinical form during this pandemic.
Lymphadenitis: Inflammation of one or more lymph nodes, often caused by infection. A bubo is a pronounced form of lymph-node inflammation, not a diagnosis by itself.
Black Death population collapse: The severe population decline caused by the Black Death across parts of Eurasia and North Africa. Plague mortality transformed labor, settlement, and social relations.

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Nial O'GlacanRelated: Plague was the subject of O'Glacan's medical writing.