Bun'ei

Bun'ei was a Japanese era name used from 1264 to 1275, during the Kamakura period. It spanned the reign of Emperor Kameyama and the rule of the Kamakura shogunate.

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Japanese era name: A Japanese calendar designation naming a period of years, usually changed when a new emperor accedes or circumstances warrant. Bun'ei is one such designation, replacing Kōchō in 1264.
Mongol invasions of Japan: Two attempted invasions of Japan by forces of the Mongol Empire in 1274 and 1281. The first invasion occurred in Bun'ei 11, giving it the name Bun'ei no eki.
Hōjō Tokimune: The eighth regent of the Kamakura shogunate, who directed Japan’s defense against the Mongol invasions. He was the leading military authority when the 1274 invasion struck.
Bun'ei no eki: The Japanese name for the first Mongol invasion of Japan in 1274. It names the invasion that occurred in Bun'ei’s eleventh year.
Kōchō: A Japanese era name used from 1261 to 1264, immediately before Bun'ei. Its final year preceded Bun'ei’s first year.
Battle of Bun'ei: The 1274 landing and fighting at Hakata Bay during the first Mongol invasion of Japan. This encounter is the event most directly associated with Bun'ei’s final years.
Hōjō Masamura: A Hōjō regent who served as shikken of the Kamakura shogunate from 1264 to 1268. His regency overlapped Bun'ei’s opening years.
Genkō: A Japanese era name used from 1319 to 1321 during the final decades of the Kamakura period. Its later years belong to the same political order that faced the invasion threat first seen under Bun'ei.
Emperor Kameyama: The 90th emperor of Japan, whose reign lasted from 1260 to 1274. Bun'ei began during his reign and ended shortly after his abdication.
Mongol Empire: The empire founded by Genghis Khan that became the largest contiguous land empire in history. Its forces launched the 1274 invasion during Bun'ei.