Bunsen burner

A gas-fueled laboratory burner that mixes fuel with air to produce an adjustable, largely soot-free flame.

Venturi effect: A pressure decrease that occurs when a fluid flows through a constricted section of a passage. Gas flow through the burner draws air into its mixing tube.
Barrel (laboratory burner): The vertical tube in a laboratory burner where fuel and air mix before ignition. Its interior carries the premixed gas and air toward the outlet.
Flame test: A qualitative chemical test that identifies some elements by the colors they emit in a flame. A burner supplies the flame used to excite atoms in the sample.
Robert Bunsen: A German chemist known for laboratory instruments and research in analytical chemistry. The burner is named for Bunsen, who developed it with a skilled mechanic.
Premixed flame: A flame formed when fuel and oxidizer are mixed before combustion begins. The burner combines gas and air before the mixture reaches the flame.
Air hole: An opening that admits air into the mixing tube of a laboratory burner. Opening it increases the air available for combustion.
Heating mantle: An electrically heated device that warms laboratory vessels without an open flame. It provides a safer alternative when direct flame heating is unsuitable.
Peter Desaga: A German university mechanic who built scientific instruments for Heidelberg University. Desaga constructed the burner developed in collaboration with Bunsen.
Combustion: A chemical reaction in which a fuel reacts with an oxidizer and releases heat. The burner’s flame is sustained by combustion of its gas–air mixture.
Gas valve: A device that controls the flow of gas through a pipe or burner. It adjusts the fuel supply and therefore the flame’s size.

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