Byzantine civil war of 1321–1328

A conflict between Byzantine emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos and his grandson Andronikos III that ended with Andronikos III taking the throne.

Andronikos II Palaiologos: Byzantine emperor from 1282 to 1328, whose long reign included territorial losses and a succession struggle with his grandson. His refusal to yield power to Andronikos III made the dynastic dispute a civil war.
Treaty of 1321: A settlement that divided imperial authority between Andronikos II and his grandson Andronikos III. It temporarily formalized a power-sharing arrangement instead of resolving the succession dispute.
John Kantakouzenos: A Byzantine aristocrat and statesman who later became emperor John VI and wrote a history of his era. He backed Andronikos III and became a leading figure in the faction that secured the throne.
Andronikos III's reign: The period of Byzantine rule by Andronikos III from 1328 until his death in 1341. The reign began with the war's outcome and brought renewed military and administrative efforts.
Andronikos III Palaiologos: Byzantine emperor from 1328 to 1341, who secured the throne after challenging his grandfather Andronikos II. His bid for authority and eventual victory drove the conflict.
Treaty of 1322: An agreement that ended the first phase of hostilities between Andronikos II and Andronikos III. Its terms briefly restored cooperation before the conflict reignited.
Theodore Synadenos: A Byzantine aristocrat and military commander who supported Andronikos III during his struggle for power. His allegiance strengthened the younger Andronikos's political and military coalition.
Byzantine Empire under the Palaiologoi: The Byzantine state during the Palaiologan dynasty, from the restoration of Constantinople in 1261 to 1453. The war unfolded amid the empire's longer contraction and political fragmentation.
Michael IX Palaiologos: Byzantine co-emperor and son of Andronikos II, who died in 1320 before his son Andronikos III's revolt. His death disrupted the succession and deepened the rift between grandfather and grandson.
Battle of Apros: A battle in Thrace in 1324 during the Byzantine civil war between the two Andronikoi. The fighting there formed part of the war's renewed military phase.

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