C. Rajagopalachari

C. Rajagopalachari (1878–1972), known as Rajaji, was an Indian independence activist, lawyer, writer, and statesman who served as the last governor-general of independent India.

Mahatma Gandhi: An Indian anti-colonial leader who developed satyagraha and led mass campaigns for independence. Rajaji became a close associate of Gandhi and helped carry his campaigns into South India.
Salt March: Mahatma Gandhi’s 1930 protest march to the Arabian Sea against British salt laws. Rajaji led a parallel march from Tiruchirappalli to Vedaranyam, mobilizing opposition in the south.
C. R. Formula: Rajaji’s 1944 proposal for Congress–Muslim League cooperation and a postwar plebiscite in Muslim-majority areas. It was his attempt to break the deadlock over the Muslim League’s demand for Pakistan.
Indian National Congress: A political organization founded in 1885 that became the principal mass party in India’s independence movement. Rajaji worked within Congress for decades, though disagreements eventually led him to leave.
Jawaharlal Nehru: An Indian nationalist leader who became independent India’s first prime minister. Rajaji and Nehru differed over economic policy, central authority, and the direction of the Congress.
Governor-General of India: The head of state of India during the transition from British rule to a republic in 1950. Rajaji held the office from 1948 to 1950 and was its final Indian occupant.
Swatantra Party: An Indian political party founded in 1959 that advocated free enterprise, limited government, and federalism. Rajaji helped found it as a liberal-conservative alternative to Congress’s growing state control.
Dominion of India: The independent Indian state from 1947 to 1950, formally sharing the British monarch as head of state. Rajaji served as governor-general during this transitional constitutional period.
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel: An Indian independence leader and statesman who served as deputy prime minister and helped integrate princely states. Rajaji succeeded Patel as home minister after Patel’s death in 1950.
Madras Presidency: A British-administered territory in southern India that became the province and later state of Madras. Rajaji served as premier of Madras Presidency from 1937 to 1939.

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