Knowra Carbonated water Carbonated water Water containing dissolved carbon dioxide that forms bubbles when pressure falls or the water is warmed. Dissolved carbon dioxide also gives it a mildly acidic taste.
Henry's law : A gas's equilibrium concentration in a liquid is proportional to its partial pressure above the liquid at a given temperature. Higher carbon dioxide pressure during bottling allows more gas to dissolve in the water.
Solubility : The amount of a substance that can dissolve in a specified solvent under stated conditions. Carbon dioxide solubility sets how much gas the water can retain.
Soda water : Water carbonated with added carbon dioxide, sometimes with mineral salts for flavor. It is a common beverage form of carbonated water.
Tonic water : A carbonated soft drink flavored with quinine and usually sweetened. Unlike plain carbonated water, it contains quinine and typically sugar or another sweetener.
Nucleation : The formation of a stable new phase from a smaller cluster, such as a gas bubble forming in liquid. Scratches and particles provide sites where dissolved carbon dioxide can begin forming bubbles.
Gas solubility in water : The tendency of a gas to dissolve in water, affected by pressure, temperature, and chemical interactions. Its temperature dependence explains why cold water generally holds carbonation better.
Club soda : Carbonated water containing added mineral salts, commonly including sodium bicarbonate. Its added minerals distinguish this beverage style from plain carbonated water.
Seltzer : Plain water carbonated by dissolving carbon dioxide, without added mineral salts. It is often distinguished from mineral-containing styles, though usage varies by region.
Carbon dioxide : A colorless gas with the chemical formula CO₂, produced by respiration, combustion, and other processes. This is the gas dissolved in water to create carbonation.
pH : A logarithmic measure of the hydrogen-ion activity in a solution. Carbon dioxide dissolution lowers the pH of carbonated water.
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