Carlos Manuel de Céspedes

Carlos Manuel de Céspedes was a Cuban revolutionary who launched the Ten Years’ War against Spain in 1868 and became the first president of the Republic of Cuba in Arms.

Ten Years’ War: A Cuban war of independence against Spanish rule that lasted from 1868 to 1878. Céspedes’s uprising at La Demajagua began this first major Cuban independence war.
Ignacio Agramonte: A Cuban independence leader and general who fought in the Ten Years’ War. Agramonte’s military leadership and political disagreements shaped the insurgent movement Céspedes headed.
Republic of Cuba in Arms: The insurgent government established by Cuban revolutionaries during the wars against Spanish rule. Céspedes became its first president, giving the rebellion a claim to sovereign government.
Cuban War of Independence: The 1895–1898 war in which Cuban revolutionaries fought to end Spanish colonial rule. The later war resumed the independence struggle opened by Céspedes’s generation.
La Demajagua: A sugar mill in eastern Cuba where Carlos Manuel de Céspedes launched his revolt in 1868. The estate became the starting point of Céspedes’s rebellion.
Máximo Gómez: A Dominican-born general who became a leading military commander in Cuba’s wars of independence. Gómez served as a key commander in the war Céspedes initiated.
Constitution of Guáimaro: The 1869 constitution that organized the Cuban insurgent republic during the Ten Years’ War. It defined the institutions and limits of the presidency Céspedes held.
José Martí: A Cuban poet, journalist, and revolutionary who helped organize the 1895 war for independence. Martí turned the legacy of earlier rebellions into a renewed independence movement.
Grito de Yara: The declaration associated with the opening of Cuba’s 1868 revolt against Spanish rule. Céspedes’s call to arms at Yara gave the uprising its early rallying cry.
Bartolomé Masó: A Cuban independence leader who served as president of the Republic of Cuba in Arms during the 1895 war. Masó later held the insurgent presidency first occupied by Céspedes.

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History of CubaRelated: His revolt began the first major armed challenge to Spanish rule.