Carolyn Bertozzi

Carolyn Bertozzi is an American chemist who developed bioorthogonal chemistry and advanced chemical biology. She shared the 2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry.

Chemical biology: Chemical biology uses chemical tools to study and manipulate biological systems. Bertozzi helped establish this field by bringing synthetic chemistry into studies of cells.
Bioorthogonal chemistry: Bioorthogonal chemistry comprises selective chemical reactions that proceed in living systems without disrupting native biology. Bertozzi developed this approach to label biological molecules inside cells and organisms.
Cell-surface glycans: Cell-surface glycans are carbohydrate structures attached to molecules on the outer surfaces of cells. Bertozzi’s labeling methods reveal how these sugars are arranged and change.
Morten Meldal: Morten Meldal is a Danish chemist who developed copper-catalyzed click chemistry independently of Barry Sharpless. He shared the 2022 chemistry Nobel with Bertozzi and Sharpless for click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry.
2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry: The 2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry honored click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry. The award recognized Bertozzi’s development of chemical reactions that function in living systems.
Glycobiology: Glycobiology studies the structures, functions, and biology of sugars in living systems. Her research made cell-surface glycans experimentally accessible through selective chemical labeling.
Copper-free click chemistry: Copper-free click chemistry uses strained molecular rings to drive selective reactions without toxic copper catalysts. Avoiding copper made click reactions suitable for labeling molecules in living systems.
Glycan imaging: Glycan imaging visualizes carbohydrate structures in cells, tissues, or organisms using molecular probes. Bioorthogonal reactions let researchers attach imaging probes to glycans in living systems.
K. Barry Sharpless: K. Barry Sharpless is an American chemist who introduced the concept of click chemistry and developed catalytic reactions. His click-chemistry framework helped define the chemistry Bertozzi adapted for biological settings.
National Medal of Science: The National Medal of Science is a United States honor for outstanding contributions to science and engineering. Bertozzi received the medal for her contributions to chemical biology and glycobiology.

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