Catalan nationalism

Catalan nationalism is a political movement asserting Catalonia’s distinct national identity and seeking self-government, autonomy, or independence from Spain.

Principality of Catalonia: A medieval and early modern polity whose institutions formed part of the Crown of Aragon. Its historical institutions became reference points for later claims to Catalan political distinctiveness.
Lliga Regionalista: A Catalan conservative political party founded in 1901 that campaigned for regional autonomy. It made parliamentary organization a central route for advancing Catalan self-government.
Commonwealth of Catalonia: The English name for the Mancomunitat of Catalonia, an administrative body established in 1914. Its creation was an early institutional achievement for Catalan regionalists.
Catalan autonomism: A political current seeking substantial self-government for Catalonia while retaining its place within Spain. It shares demands for Catalan self-government but rejects independence as a necessary goal.
Spanish transition to democracy: The political process through which Spain moved from Franco’s dictatorship to parliamentary democracy between 1975 and 1982. Its constitutional settlement restored Catalan autonomy while leaving sovereignty disputes unresolved.
Nueva Planta decrees: Eighteenth-century royal decrees that abolished the institutions and laws of several territories of the Crown of Aragon. Their suppression of Catalan institutions became a lasting grievance in nationalist accounts.
Mancomunitat of Catalonia: A 1914 administrative association of Catalonia’s four provincial councils, dissolved under Primo de Rivera. It provided a limited institutional platform for coordinating Catalan public services and culture.
Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia of 1932: A statute establishing self-government for Catalonia during the Second Spanish Republic. It gave the Generalitat a republican-era legal foundation before the Spanish Civil War.
Spanish nationalism: A political ideology that emphasizes the unity and national identity of Spain. Its competing account of national sovereignty underlies disputes over Catalonia’s right to separate.
1978 Spanish Constitution: The constitution adopted after Franco’s dictatorship that established Spain as a parliamentary monarchy and recognized regional autonomy. Its recognition of autonomy and assertion of Spanish national unity define the movement’s constitutional arena.

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