Cathode ray

A cathode ray is a stream of electrons moving through an evacuated tube from the cathode toward an anode or other target. Its deflection by electric and magnetic fields helped establish that electrons are particles with negative charge.

Electron: A negatively charged elementary particle found in atoms and free in many physical systems. Cathode rays are streams of these particles.
Julius Plücker: A German physicist who studied electrical discharges in evacuated tubes. His tube experiments helped establish the investigation of cathode rays.
Heinrich Hertz: A German physicist whose experiments established the existence of electromagnetic waves. His tests of cathode-ray deflection by electric fields shaped the debate over their nature.
Oscilloscope: An instrument that displays electrical signals as traces, traditionally using a scanned cathode-ray tube. Its screen trace is formed by steering a cathode-ray beam.
Canal ray: A stream of positive ions observed in gas-discharge tubes, moving opposite to cathode rays. Its positive charge and direction contrast with the electron stream.
Electron beam: A directed flow of electrons moving through a region of space or a material. This is the general physical form of a cathode ray.
Eugen Goldstein: A German physicist who named cathode rays and discovered canal rays. He introduced the term used for the stream studied in discharge tubes.
Jean Perrin: A French physicist who experimentally demonstrated the negative charge carried by cathode rays. His measurements provided direct evidence that the rays transported negative charge.
Television: A system for transmitting and displaying moving images and sound. Cathode-ray tubes served as television displays for much of the twentieth century.
X-ray: High-frequency electromagnetic radiation that can penetrate matter and ionize atoms. Unlike cathode rays, X-rays are photons rather than charged particles.

Linked from 8 pages