Centriole

A centriole is a cylindrical array of microtubules found in many eukaryotic cells. It helps organize the centrosome and can form the basal body from which a cilium or flagellum grows.

Microtubule: A hollow protein tube assembled from tubulin that helps shape cells and move materials within them. Nine microtubule triplets form the characteristic wall of a centriole.
Tubulin: A family of proteins that assemble into microtubules, the structural polymers of centrioles and many other cell components. Tubulin subunits make the microtubules that form the centriole wall.
Primary cilium: A usually nonmotile, microtubule-based projection that senses signals in many vertebrate cells. A centriole-derived basal body anchors the primary cilium.
Centriole-free centrosome: A centrosome or microtubule-organizing center that functions without centrioles. Some cells organize microtubules without the centriole pair typical of animal centrosomes.
Cartwheel structure: A radial scaffold of spokes around a central hub that helps organize the ninefold symmetry of procentrioles. It establishes the geometry of a newly forming centriole.
Procentriole: An immature centriole assembled beside an existing centriole during duplication. It is the direct product of centriole assembly before maturation.
Motile cilium: A ciliary projection that beats to move fluid or propel a cell. Its basal body develops from a centriole and anchors the beating apparatus.
Acentriolar spindle pole: A spindle pole organized without centrioles, as occurs in several animal cell types and many plants. It shows that chromosome-separating spindles do not always require centrioles.
Centriole duplication: The cell-cycle process in which each existing centriole templates the formation of one new centriole. Duplication maintains the centriole pair needed for centrosome function.
STIL: A centriole-assembly protein that works with SAS-6 to promote procentriole formation. STIL helps recruit and organize components at the site of centriole duplication.

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FlagellumRelated: Basal bodies that anchor eukaryotic flagella resemble centrioles in structure.