Characterization

Characterization is the presentation of a fictional character’s traits, motives, and development through narration, action, dialogue, and relationships.

Direct characterization: A method of describing a character’s traits explicitly through narration or dialogue. It states qualities outright rather than requiring inference from behavior.
Character (arts): A person or person-like figure represented in a narrative or dramatic work. Characterization is the set of methods used to present this fictional figure.
Flat character: A character defined by few traits and exhibiting little complexity or change. A deliberately limited portrait can serve a focused comic or symbolic function.
Characterization and plot: The distinction and interaction between presenting characters and arranging story events. Plot may reveal character, while characterization can motivate and shape plot.
Indirect characterization: A method of revealing a character through actions, speech, thoughts, appearance, and effects on others. It makes traits emerge from evidence instead of explicit description.
Character trait: A relatively enduring quality attributed to a person or fictional character. Traits are the qualities that characterization makes explicit or invites inference about.
Round character: A complex character with multiple traits who can surprise convincingly. A fuller portrayal gives a story room for contradiction and nuance.
Character foil: A character whose contrasting qualities highlight those of another character. Juxtaposition makes traits legible without relying on explicit description.
Dialogue: Spoken exchange between characters in a literary or dramatic work. Word choice, rhythm, and evasions can expose personality and motive.
Motivation: The reasons, desires, or needs that drive a person’s actions. A character’s motives help explain behavior and distinguish stated aims from deeper needs.

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