Charles Evans Hughes

Charles Evans Hughes was an American Republican politician and jurist who served as New York governor, U.S. secretary of state, and chief justice of the United States.

William Howard Taft: William Howard Taft was the 27th U.S. president and the tenth chief justice of the United States. Taft preceded Hughes as chief justice and later supported Hughes’s appointment to the Court.
Governor of New York: The elected executive office responsible for administering the government of New York State. Hughes held the office from 1907 to 1910 and pursued regulatory reforms.
Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States: A 1935 Supreme Court decision that invalidated the National Industrial Recovery Act’s industrial-code system. Hughes wrote the unanimous opinion limiting Congress’s delegation and use of the commerce power.
Brown University: A private research university in Providence, Rhode Island, founded in 1764. Hughes graduated from Brown in 1881 before studying law.
1916 United States presidential election: The U.S. presidential election in which Woodrow Wilson defeated Republican nominee Charles Evans Hughes. Hughes’s narrow loss kept him from the presidency and became a defining episode in his career.
Warren G. Harding: Warren G. Harding was the 29th U.S. president, serving from 1921 until his death in 1923. Harding appointed Hughes secretary of state in 1921.
United States secretary of state: The head of the U.S. Department of State and the president’s principal adviser on foreign affairs. Hughes directed U.S. diplomacy from 1921 to 1925.
West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish: A 1937 Supreme Court decision upholding Washington State’s minimum-wage law for women. Hughes joined the majority, marking a shift from the Court’s earlier resistance to wage regulation.
Columbia Law School: The law school of Columbia University in New York City. Hughes studied law there and graduated at the top of his class in 1884.
Judicial restraint: A view that courts should exercise limited authority and defer to elected branches when constitutional text permits. Hughes’s Court upheld some economic regulations while striking down others, complicating simple accounts of judicial restraint.

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