Knowra Chemical hazard Chemical hazard A property of a chemical that can cause harm to people, property, or the environment. Hazard describes a substance’s capacity to cause harm, distinct from the risk under particular conditions of exposure.
Dose–response relationship : The relationship between the amount of an agent received and the magnitude or likelihood of an effect. It connects a chemical’s harmful capacity to the effects produced at different doses.
Chemical substance : Matter with a defined chemical composition, including elements, compounds, and mixtures. A chemical hazard is a harmful property associated with a substance or its constituents.
Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals : A United Nations framework for classifying chemical hazards and communicating them through labels and safety data sheets. It provides common categories and symbols for communicating chemical hazards internationally.
Flammable substance : A substance that can ignite and sustain combustion under specified conditions. Flammability is a physical hazard class with ignition and fire-specific controls.
Routes of exposure : The pathways by which a substance enters or contacts an organism, including inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact. The same chemical can cause different effects depending on how it reaches the body.
Exposure assessment : The estimation of how much of an agent reaches people or environmental receptors, by which routes and for how long. Exposure determines whether a hazardous property can affect a particular receptor.
Hazard pictogram : A standardized graphic symbol on chemical labels that communicates a specific type of hazard. Pictograms make prominent hazard classes recognizable on chemical containers.
Explosive substance : A substance or mixture capable of a rapid reaction that produces gas, heat, and pressure. Explosive hazards involve sudden energy release, unlike hazards limited to chronic toxicity.
Acute toxicity : Harmful effects that occur after a single exposure or exposures over a short period. It describes one time-sensitive form of harm from hazardous chemicals.
Risk : The likelihood and severity of harm under specified conditions. Hazard describes capacity for harm; risk also depends on exposure and circumstances.
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