Chilean Sea

The Pacific waters bordering Chile, including the maritime areas under Chilean jurisdiction. They extend from the country's northern boundary to Cape Horn and encompass diverse coastal and offshore ecosystems.

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Pacific Ocean: The largest ocean on Earth, extending between Asia and Australia in the west and the Americas in the east. The Chilean Sea is the Pacific sector along Chile's coast.
Coastal upwelling: The rise of cold, nutrient-rich deep water toward the surface along a coast. Persistent upwelling supplies nutrients to productive stretches of Chile's coast.
Peruvian anchoveta: A small schooling fish abundant in the Humboldt Current ecosystem and harvested for fishmeal and fish oil. Its Chilean stocks support one of the region's largest fisheries.
Humboldt Current Large Marine Ecosystem: A productive marine region shaped by the Humboldt Current along the coasts of Peru and Chile. It frames the ecological system in which much of the Chilean Sea lies.
Chile: A long, narrow country on the western edge of South America, bordered by the Pacific Ocean. Its coastline defines the landward edge of the Chilean Sea.
Ekman transport: The net movement of surface water caused by wind stress and Earth's rotation. It helps move surface water offshore, enabling coastal upwelling.
Chilean jack mackerel: A schooling pelagic fish distributed across the southeastern Pacific and harvested commercially. It is a major target of Chilean offshore fishing.
Marine biodiversity of Chile: The variety of marine life found in Chile's coastal and offshore waters. Strong environmental gradients support diverse habitats and species.
Chilean Exclusive Economic Zone: The maritime area in which Chile exercises resource rights under the law of the sea. It is the principal jurisdictional area included in the Chilean Sea.
El Niño–Southern Oscillation: A recurring climate pattern involving linked changes in tropical Pacific sea-surface temperatures and atmospheric pressure. Its warm phases weaken upwelling and disrupt marine conditions off Chile.