Chinese Buddhist Canon

The Chinese Buddhist Canon is a large collection of Buddhist scriptures translated into Chinese, encompassing works from multiple Buddhist traditions and periods.

Tripiṭaka: The traditional threefold division of Buddhist scriptures into discourses, monastic discipline, and higher teachings. The canon’s inherited organizing ideal divides Buddhist texts into three broad collections.
Buddhism in China: The development of Buddhist teachings, institutions, and practices in China from the early centuries CE onward. The canon grew through the transmission and adaptation of Buddhism within China.
Buddhist canon: A community’s recognized collection of authoritative Buddhist scriptures. The Chinese collection is one regional form of a broader Buddhist phenomenon.
Pāli Canon: The canonical collection of Theravāda Buddhist scriptures preserved primarily in Pāli. Its language and Theravāda textual lineage differ from the Chinese collection’s broad translation history.
Buddhist sutra: A Buddhist scripture presented as a teaching or discourse attributed to the Buddha or another authoritative figure. Sutras form a major portion of the translated scriptures gathered in the canon.
Kumārajīva: A Central Asian Buddhist monk and translator whose Chinese versions of influential scriptures shaped East Asian Buddhism. His translations became foundational texts within the Chinese scriptural tradition.
Chinese Buddhist catalogues: Bibliographic records that list and assess Buddhist texts translated or circulating in China. Cataloguers helped define which works counted as genuine, translated scriptures.
Tibetan Buddhist canon: The Tibetan-language collection of Buddhist scriptures, organized principally into the Kangyur and Tengyur. It represents another major translation canon, with distinct contents and classification.
Vinaya: The Buddhist body of rules and procedures governing monastic conduct and community life. Vinaya texts preserve the monastic regulations included alongside scriptures and treatises.
Xuanzang: A seventh-century Chinese Buddhist monk who traveled to India and translated many texts after returning to China. His translations and textual scholarship added major works to the Chinese collection.

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