Knowra Chlorpromazine Chlorpromazine Chlorpromazine is a first-generation antipsychotic medication used to treat schizophrenia, mania, severe nausea, and other conditions. It was the first drug widely used to treat psychosis.
Dopamine D2 receptor : A G protein-coupled receptor through which dopamine influences movement, motivation, and other brain functions. Blocking this receptor is central to chlorpromazine’s antipsychotic action.
Schizophrenia : A psychiatric disorder involving persistent psychosis, changes in cognition, and disruptions to motivation and functioning. Chlorpromazine can reduce psychotic symptoms, especially hallucinations and delusions.
Henri Laborit : A French surgeon and researcher who investigated drugs that could reduce stress responses during surgery. His observations of chlorpromazine’s calming effects helped bring it to psychiatric attention.
Haloperidol : A first-generation antipsychotic medication with potent dopamine D2 receptor antagonism. Compared with chlorpromazine, it is less sedating but can cause prominent movement disorders.
Mesolimbic pathway : A dopamine pathway connecting the ventral tegmental area with limbic regions, including the nucleus accumbens. D2 blockade in this pathway is associated with reduced positive psychotic symptoms.
Bipolar mania : An episode of abnormally elevated or irritable mood, increased energy, and impaired judgment in bipolar disorder. Chlorpromazine has been used to control severe manic agitation.
Paul Charpentier : A French medicinal chemist who synthesized chlorpromazine at Rhône-Poulenc in 1951. His synthesis produced the compound later tested for psychiatric effects.
Clozapine : An atypical antipsychotic used especially for treatment-resistant schizophrenia and persistent suicide risk. It can help when other antipsychotics fail, but carries distinct serious risks.
Extrapyramidal symptoms : Drug-induced movement disorders such as dystonia, parkinsonism, akathisia, and tardive dyskinesia. Nigrostriatal dopamine blockade can cause these motor effects during treatment.
Antiemetic : A medication or treatment that prevents or relieves nausea and vomiting. Chlorpromazine’s dopamine blockade can suppress nausea and vomiting.
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