Knowra Cholera Cholera Cholera is an acute intestinal infection caused by toxin-producing Vibrio cholerae . It can cause profuse watery diarrhea, rapid dehydration, and death without prompt treatment.
Vibrio cholerae : A curved, Gram-negative bacterium that causes cholera through toxin production and intestinal colonization. Its toxin-producing strains cause the infection, while contaminated water and food transmit them.
Oral rehydration therapy : Treatment that replaces water and electrolytes by drinking a balanced glucose-and-salt solution. It treats most cholera dehydration by exploiting intestinal glucose-sodium absorption.
John Snow : A British physician whose studies of London's 1854 cholera outbreak helped establish modern epidemiology. His investigation linked cases to the Broad Street water pump and prompted its removal.
Cholera outbreak : An increase in cholera cases linked by place, time, or transmission source. Outbreaks trigger emergency treatment, surveillance, and water-and-sanitation responses.
Cholera elimination : The sustained interruption of cholera transmission in a defined population or region. Elimination depends on reliable water, sanitation, surveillance, and access to treatment.
Cholera toxin : A protein toxin that drives intestinal cells to secrete water and electrolytes. It disrupts ion transport, producing cholera’s characteristic watery diarrhea.
Intravenous fluid therapy : Delivery of fluids and electrolytes directly into a vein. It rapidly restores circulation when cholera causes severe dehydration or shock.
Broad Street cholera outbreak : A deadly 1854 cholera outbreak in London's Soho district investigated by John Snow. It became a landmark case for tracing cholera transmission through contaminated water.
Global Task Force on Cholera Control : A partnership of organizations coordinating global efforts to prevent and control cholera. It supports national plans and the goal of reducing cholera deaths worldwide.
Cholera surveillance : The systematic collection and analysis of data on cholera cases and transmission. Underreporting and limited laboratory capacity can obscure where control efforts are most needed.
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